The Busy Bee, a cartoon by Clifford Berryman

The Busy Bee, a cartoon by Clifford Berryman. Image courtesy of the National Archives.

Clifford Berryman was a probably the most important political cartoonist of the early twentieth century. The National Archives, which maintains an extensive collection of more than 2,400 Berryman cartoons, describes him this way:

Berryman was one of Washington’s best-known and most-admired graphic political commentators in the first half of the 20th century. Berryman drew for the Washington Post from 1890 until 1907, and then for the Evening Star from 1907 until his death in 1949. His cartoons touched on a variety of subjects including politics, Presidential and congressional elections, both World Wars and even Washington weather.
Coolidge figured in many of Berryman’s drawings, and we’ll be reproducing some of them here from time to time. Today’s is from 1919, when Coolidge was making a run for the GOP presidential nomination. The Archives offers this context:
This cartoon depicts the crowded field of Republican candidates vying for the 1920 Presidential nomination.  When former President Theodore Roosevelt–the clear favorite for the 1920 Republican Presidential nomination–died suddenly in January, 1919, the race became wide open.  With such a multitude of potential candidates having the proverbial “bee in their bonnets,” the G.O.P. Presidential bee could not keep up.  The list of Republican candidates was long, including former President William Howard Taft, Senator William E. Borah, Senator Hiram Johnson, Governor Frank O. Lowden, Senator Warren G. Harding, Senator Albert Baird Cummins, Senator Philander C. Knox, former Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes, and General Leonard Wood.  In the end, Harding won the Republican nomination and, with Calvin Coolidge as his running mate, went on to become President.
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In a recent column for the Washington Examiner, Gene Healy of the Cato Institute suggests that Barack Obama could learn a thing or two from Calvin Coolidge. In particular, the president might take a lesson from from Silent Cal’s modesty.

Calvin Coolidge, a genuinely humble man and a fine president, wrote in his autobiography that it was “a major source of safety to the country” for the president “to know that he is not a great man.”

Healy’s got a point, albeit one suffused with a dollop of wishful thinking. Yes, it would be nice of modern presidents weren’t consumed by their own grandeur.  But were their predecessors ever really so humble?

I might buy the argument that George Washington was humble. After all, not many men turn down an offer to be king. But then again, Washington didn’t either.

Still, Washington had an appreciation for both opportunity and responsibility. He knew when it was time to step up, but he also knew when it was time to step down. That’s a fine thing, and every one of his successors — save one  – has followed his lead.

But that doesn’t mean Washington was humble. Indeed, plenty of evidence suggests that his character included plenty of vanity and ambition. And I think it’s fair to say that every other president has been similarly infused with a keen appreciation of his own self-worth.

Which brings us back to Coolidge. Was he really humble? Well, maybe. Certainly, his governing style suggests that he didn’t consider himself indispensable to any situation.

But Coolidge was also a deeply ambitious politician who managed his career and public image with the utmost care. His was not an accidental presidency, either in origin or execution. The “Silent Cal” trope captures something important about Coolidge, but it also obscures his goals, ambition, and skill.

Coolidge, I think, believed deeply in his own capacity and character. I think he yearned to be president and did what was necessary to win — and keep — the job.

What’s striking about Coolidge is not his humility, but his respect for things larger than himself. Coolidge had faith in Coolidge, but he also had faith in America, its people, and its political institutions. In that sense, I think the title of his campaign book, Have Faith in Massachusetts, is revealing. Deep down, I think Coolidge believed he was a great man — or at least a pretty damn impressive one. But he believed that America was much greater.

So readers: tell me what you think? Was Coolidge humble?

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Coolidge and General John J. Pershing on the steps of the Massachusetts State House, Feb. 25, 1920

Coolidge and General John J. Pershing on the steps of the Massachusetts State House, Feb. 25, 1920

In February 1920, General John J. “Black Jack” Pershing visited Boston and posed with Coolidge on the steps of the Massachusetts state capital.

Pershing, who had led the American Expeditionary Force in World War I, was a national hero at the time, and some Republican activists were trying to draft him for a 1920 presidential run.

Coolidge, on the heels of his performance in crushing the Boston police strike, was also a rising star in national Republican circles.

Incidentally, Pershing’s nickname, “Black Jack,” derived from his stint in the 10th Cavalry Regiment, a unit composed of African American soldiers and white officers. The nickname was a sanitized version of a more offensive nickname bestowed on Pershing by West Point cadets.

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About the Authors

Amity Shlaes is a syndicated columnist for Bloomberg and a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations.

Joe Thorndike is an historian with Tax Analysts and a Visiting Scholar in History at the University of Virginia.

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